Russia - World History
1800
Ruler
- Emperor Ivan VI
- Emperor Peter III
- Emperor Paul I
- 80% population were peasants, their status passed down to their children
- Emperor Alexander I -=> Autocracy
- Liberal, tried to make reforms
- Napoleon invaded, During burning of Moscow, he changed his mind
Liberal reforms were road to anarchy & chaos
- Secret societies began forming by army officers for revolution
- Grand Duke Nicholas
If I am to be Emperor for only 1 hour, I shall show myself worthy of being so.
Events
- Napoleon Invasion
- 1812 -=> Napoleon invades Russia
- 1814 -=> Allies enter Paris
- 1815 -=> Alexander issues liberal constitution to Poland but not for Russia
- Decembrists
- 1816 -=> "Union of Salvation" secret society formed
- 1818 -=> Merged with "Order of Russian Knights" to form "Union of Prosperity" with more than 200 members
- Captain Nikita Muravyov -=> Draft major plans for constitutional reforms
The Russian people, free and independent, is not and cannot be the property of any person or any family
- Lieutenant Colonel Sergei Muravyou Apostol -=> Lead uprising in Ukraine
- Colonel Prince Sergei Trubetskoy -=> Lead the coup in saint petersburg
- Colonel Pavel Pestel -=> Argue for emperor death and creation for Russia republic
Half-measures achieve nothing. We want to clear out the whole house.
- Captain Nikita Muravyov -=> Draft major plans for constitutional reforms
- 1821 -=> Society dissolved fearing infiltration, creating 2 new society, "Northern Society" & "Southern Society"
- Northern Society constitution draft influenced by US constitution of 1787
- Russian Empire to become federal state of 15 regions
- 1823 -=> Kondraty Ryleyev joined the Northern Society, took more radicalized direction like Southern Society
The tactics of revolution may be summed up in two words - To Dare.
- Interregnum
- 12 March, 1826 -=> Plan to assassinate Emperor but Alexander died on 19 November, 1825 due to illness
- 14 December, 1825 -=> Nicholas I declares himself as Emperor (3rd eldest after Alexander)
- 14 December, 1825 -=> The Coup
- North
- 3 Groups created, All failed due to no leadership, Official death toll is just 80
- South
- Failed in 5 days, Defeated by government forces
- Aftermath
- 5 Executed, More than 80 prisoners sent to Siberia for life-time hard labor (Farm work) which was not too bad
- In 1856, Prisoners pardoned after 30 years, After death of Nicholas
- North
- 1861 -=> Abolition if Serfdom
- 1906 -=> First Constitution
- 1917 -=> Bolshevik Revolution
- 1917 -=> Tsar Nicholas II Overthrow
- 1931 -=> Decembrists Square